Word sets: IELTS topics124 words
- experimentB1nouna scientific test to find out something; also trying something new to see what happens
- hypothesisC2nounan idea suggested to explain something, which has not yet been proved
- laboratoryB1nouna room or building with special equipment for science experiments, research or tests
- discoveryB1nounthe act of finding something, or something that is found for the first time
- evidenceB1nounfacts, objects or signs that show something is true
- geneticB1adjectiveconnected with genes, the parts of cells that parents pass to their children
- geneB1nouna tiny part of a cell, passed from parents to children, that controls features like eye color
- cloningC1nounthe process of making an exact genetic copy of a plant, animal or cell
- explorationB1nounthe act of traveling through an unknown place to learn about it, or of examining an idea carefully
- satelliteB1nouna machine sent into space to travel around the Earth, used for communication or taking pictures
- telescopeB2nouna tube-shaped tool with lenses that makes faraway things, like stars, look bigger and closer
- behaviorB1nounthe way a person or animal acts, especially toward other people
- motivationB1nounthe wish or energy that makes you want to do something and keep doing it
- confidenceB1nounthe feeling that you can do things well; also trust in someone or something
- anxietyB1nouna feeling of worry and nervousness about something that might happen
- depressionB1nouna medical condition that makes you very sad for a long time; also a long period of weak economic activity
- resilienceC1nounthe ability to recover quickly after something difficult or upsetting happens
- temperamentC1nouna person's or animal's basic nature, especially how calm or emotional they usually are
- introvertB2nouna person who feels more comfortable alone or with a few close friends than in large groups
- extrovertB2nouna lively, confident person who enjoys being with other people
- peerB2nouna person who is the same age or has the same position as you
- conformityC1nounbehaving like most other people or following accepted rules, often without questioning them
- astronomyB2nounthe scientific study of stars, planets and other things in space
- astronomerB1nouna scientist who studies stars, planets and other objects in space
- orbitB1nounthe curved path that a planet, moon or spacecraft follows around a larger object in space
- galaxyB2nouna very large group of stars, gas and dust held together in space
- universeB1nouneverything that exists in space, including all the stars and planets
- spacecraftB2nouna vehicle that travels in space, with or without people on board
- rocketB2nouna vehicle shaped like a tube that flies into space; also a weapon or firework that shoots into the air
- cosmosC1nounthe universe, thought of as a large, ordered system
- cognitiveC2adjectiveconnected with thinking, learning, understanding and remembering
- cognitionC1nounthe mental process of thinking, learning, remembering and understanding
- perceptionB2nounthe way you think about or understand someone or something; also the ability to notice things
- perceiveB2verbto notice or understand something, or to think of someone or something in a certain way
- recallC1nouna request by a company for customers to return a product because it is faulty or unsafe
- retentionC1nounthe keeping of something, such as facts in memory or students and staff in an organization
- distractionB2nounsomething that stops you from giving your attention to what you are doing
- stimulusC1nounsomething that causes a reaction, or that makes something grow or happen faster
- reflexB2nouna quick automatic movement of the body that you cannot control, such as pulling your hand from a hot object
- reinforcementB2nounthe act of making something stronger, or extra people or things sent to give more support
- conditioningC1nouna process of training a person or animal to react in a certain way to something
- subconsciousB1adjectivehappening in your mind without you noticing or controlling it
- unconsciousB2adjectivein a state like deep sleep, not awake and not aware of what is happening
- heuristicC2nouna quick mental shortcut that helps people make a decision without thinking through every detail
- intuitionC1nounthe ability to know or understand something from your feelings, without clear reasons or proof
- emotionB1nouna strong feeling such as love, anger or fear
- empathyC1nounthe ability to understand and share the feelings of another person
- altruismC1nouncaring about other people's happiness and helping them, without wanting anything for yourself
- aggressionB2nounangry or violent behavior toward another person, or a strong readiness to attack or fight
- phobiaB2nouna very strong and unreasonable fear of something, such as spiders, heights or small spaces
- traumaC1nouna deeply upsetting experience that can harm the mind for a long time; also a serious body injury
- placeboC1nouna pill or treatment with no active medicine, given in tests or to make a patient feel better
- participantB1nouna person who takes part in an activity or event
- cohortC1nouna group of people who share a feature, such as age, and are followed or studied together
- questionnaireB1nouna set of written questions that many people answer to give information for a study
- interviewB1verbto ask someone questions to see if they suit a job, or to get information for news
- observationB1nounwatching someone or something carefully; also a remark about something you have noticed
- variableB2nouna thing that can change and affect a result, especially in science, maths or computing
- correlationC2nouna connection between two things, where one changes when the other changes
- causationC1nounthe process of one thing directly causing another; the link between a cause and its effect
- dataB2nounfacts, numbers or information collected to be studied or used by a computer
- datasetB2nouna collection of related facts or numbers that is stored and used together for analysis
- statisticsB2nounnumbers and facts collected to show information, or the science of studying them
- statisticalC1adjectiverelating to statistics, or to the use of numbers to study data
- anomalyC1nounsomething that is different from what is normal or expected, often hard to explain
- outlierC1nouna value or result that is very different from the others in a group of data
- replicateC1verbto do or make something again in exactly the same way, especially a scientific study
- replicationC1nounthe act of repeating or copying something, such as an experiment or a process
- moleculeB1nounthe smallest unit of a substance, made of two or more atoms joined together
- particleB2nounan extremely small piece of something; in physics, one of the tiny parts that atoms are made of
- elementB1nounone part of something; also a simple chemical substance such as gold or oxygen
- compoundB1nouna substance made of two or more elements; also an area with buildings and a fence or wall around it
- mixtureB2nouna combination of different things or feelings mixed together
- dissolveB2verb(of a solid) to mix into a liquid and become part of it; to make this happen
- evaporateB2verbto change from a liquid into a gas, usually because of heat
- evaporationB2nounthe process in which a liquid slowly becomes a gas, usually because of heat
- condenseC1verbto change from a gas into a liquid, or to make a text shorter
- condensationC2nounsmall drops of water that form when warm air touches a cold surface; the change from gas to liquid
- meltB1verbto change from a solid into a liquid because of heat, or to make something do this
- vaporB2nouna mass of tiny drops of liquid in the air, or a liquid in the form of a gas
- densityB2nounhow crowded a place is, or how heavy a substance is for its size
- massB1adjectiveinvolving or affecting a very large number of people or things
- gravityB2nounthe force that pulls objects toward the earth; also the seriousness of a situation
- frictionB2nounthe force that slows things down when they rub against each other, or disagreement between people
- momentumB2nounthe force or speed that keeps something moving or developing once it has started
- velocityC1nounthe speed of something in a particular direction
- accelerationC1nounan increase in speed, or the rate at which something gets faster
- magnetB1nouna piece of metal that pulls iron and steel toward it
- magneticC1adjectiveable to pull iron objects towards it like a magnet; also very attractive to people
- electricityB1nouna form of energy that gives light and heat and makes machines work
- electricalB1adjectiveusing, producing or connected with electricity
- circuitB2nouna closed path that electricity flows along; or a round route or track, such as for a race
- voltageB2nounthe force that pushes an electric current through a wire, measured in volts
- batteryC1nouna device that stores and supplies electricity; also a large group of similar things, like tests
- radiationB1nounenergy that travels as invisible waves or particles, from things like the sun, X-rays or nuclear material
- radioactiveB2adjectivegiving off dangerous energy because the atoms of a substance are breaking down
- wavelengthC1nounthe distance between two peaks of a wave, such as a light wave or a sound wave
- frequencyB1nounhow often something happens; also the rate at which a sound or radio wave vibrates
- infraredB2adjectivedescribing invisible light that is felt as heat and is used in remote controls and cameras
- ultravioletB2adjectivedescribing invisible light from the sun that can tan or burn skin
- laserB2nouna narrow, very strong beam of light, used in machines, medicine and lighting
- lensB2nouna curved piece of glass or plastic that bends light, used in glasses, cameras and microscopes
- prismC1nouna clear block of glass with flat sides that splits white light into the colors of the rainbow
- spectrumB2nouna full range of different opinions, qualities or things, from one extreme to the other
- oxygenB1nouna gas in the air that people, animals and plants need to live
- nitrogenB2nouna gas with no color or smell that makes up most of the air we breathe
- dioxideB1nouna chemical with two oxygen atoms joined to another atom, as in the gas CO2
- methaneB2nouna gas with no color that burns easily; it is the main part of natural gas
- acidB2nouna chemical substance, often a liquid, that can burn or dissolve things; lemons contain a weak kind
- alkalineC1adjectivecontaining a substance that can neutralize acid; having a pH higher than 7
- asteroidB2nouna small rocky object that moves around the sun, mostly between Mars and Jupiter
- cometB2nouna ball of ice and dust that travels around the sun and grows a bright tail
- meteorC1nouna bright line of light in the night sky made by a piece of rock burning as it falls
- meteoriteC1nouna piece of rock or metal from space that has landed on the ground
- lunarB2adjectiverelating to the moon
- eclipseB2nounan event when the moon or the earth blocks the light of the sun or the moon
- constellationB2nouna group of stars that forms a pattern in the night sky and has a name
- nebulaC1nouna huge cloud of gas and dust in space, where new stars can form
- supernovaC1nounthe huge explosion of a star at the end of its life, which shines very brightly
- observatoryB2nouna building with telescopes and other equipment for studying the stars, weather or nature
- probeB2nouna careful investigation into something; also a spacecraft or tool sent to collect information
- roverC1nouna small vehicle used to explore the surface of a planet or the moon
- launchB1verbto start something new, such as a product or plan, or to send a rocket into the sky
- atmosphereB1nounthe mood or feeling of a place or event; also the layer of gases around the earth