Word sets: Academic English165 words
- repertoireB2nounall the songs, plays or skills that a performer or person is able to do
- obtainB1verbto get something, often by making an effort or following an official process
- distributionB1nounthe act of giving or sending things to many people or places; the way something is shared out
- parameterC2nouna fixed limit or rule that controls how something is done; also a measurable factor
- aspectB1nounone part or feature of a situation, problem or idea
- dynamicB2adjectivefull of energy and ideas, or always changing and developing
- impactB1nouna strong effect that something has on a person, situation or thing
- domainB2nouna particular area of knowledge, activity or control; also a website address name
- denoteC2verbto mean or stand for something; also to be a sign of something
- authorityB1nounthe power to give orders or make decisions; also an official group with this power
- semanticC1adjectiveconnected with the meaning of words and sentences
- linearC1adjectivegoing in a straight line, or changing at a steady rate; developing step by step
- cognitiveC2adjectiveconnected with thinking, learning, understanding and remembering
- graphB1nouna picture that uses lines or bars to show how two sets of numbers are related
- correlationC2nouna connection between two things, where one changes when the other changes
- linguisticC1adjectiveconnected with language or the scientific study of language
- acidB2nouna chemical substance, often a liquid, that can burn or dissolve things; lemons contain a weak kind
- induceC2verbto cause a state or condition; or to persuade someone to do something
- velocityC1nounthe speed of something in a particular direction
- intervalB1nouna period of time between two events; also a short break in a play or concert
- discourseC1nounserious discussion or writing about a subject; also how language is used in conversations and texts
- finiteC1adjectivehaving a limit or an end; not able to continue without stopping
- stimulusC1nounsomething that causes a reaction, or that makes something grow or happen faster
- electronB1nouna very small particle with a negative electric charge that moves around the center of an atom
- receptorC1nouna part of a cell or body that detects a chemical or signal and reacts to it
- algorithmC1nouna set of rules or steps that a computer follows to solve a problem or make a decision
- fluidB2nouna liquid, especially one in the body or used in a machine
- developmentalC1adjectiveconnected with the way a person, animal or system grows and changes over time
- boundB1adjectivecertain to happen; also forced to do something by a law, promise or duty
- molecularC1adjectiverelating to molecules, the very small groups of atoms that make up substances
- transformationC1nouna complete change in the appearance or character of something
- spatialC2adjectiveconnected with space, size, shape and the position of things
- translationB2nounthe act of changing words into another language, or a text that has been changed in this way
- membraneC1nouna very thin layer that covers or lines part of a living thing, often letting some things pass through
- neuronC1nouna nerve cell that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body
- simulationC1nouna computer program or exercise that copies a real situation so people can study it or practice
- lexicalC1adjectiveconnected with words and vocabulary of a language
- regimeB2nouna government, especially a strict one that people did not freely elect; also a system of rules
- moleculeB1nounthe smallest unit of a substance, made of two or more atoms joined together
- markerB2nouna thick pen for writing or drawing, or an object or sign that shows a position or place
- empiricalC1adjectivebased on observation, experiments or real data rather than on theory alone
- robotB1nouna machine that can do work automatically, often controlled by a computer
- statisticalC1adjectiverelating to statistics, or to the use of numbers to study data
- vowelB1nouna speech sound made with the mouth open and air flowing freely, or a letter such as a or e
- equilibriumC2nouna state of balance between different forces or influences
- intensityB2nounhow strong, powerful or extreme something is, such as a feeling, light, sound or activity
- regressionC1nouna return to an earlier or worse state, or a statistical method that links one variable to another
- diagnosisC1nounthe act of finding out what illness someone has, or the doctor's statement of what it is
- identificationB2nounan official document that shows who you are; also the process of recognizing someone or something
- partialC1adjectivenot complete; only affecting or including part of something
- correlateC1verbto have a close connection, so that when one thing changes, the other changes too
- mortalityB2nounthe fact that every person must die, or the number of deaths in a group
- antibodyC1nouna protein in the blood that fights germs and other harmful things
- temporalC1adjectiveconnected with time, or with the order in which things happen
- particleB2nounan extremely small piece of something; in physics, one of the tiny parts that atoms are made of
- durationC1nounthe length of time that something lasts
- behavioralC1adjectiverelating to the way a person or animal acts, rather than to thoughts or feelings
- consumptionB1nounthe amount of energy, food or goods that people use; also the act of using or eating them
- bilingualB1adjectiveable to speak two languages well, or written in two languages
- sensitivityB2nounthe quality of understanding other people's feelings, or of reacting strongly to something
- similarityB1nounthe state of being alike, or a way in which things are alike
- optimalC1adjectivebest possible in a particular situation, giving the most favorable result
- explicitC1adjectivestated clearly and fully, leaving no doubt about what is meant
- mutationC1nouna change in the genes of a living thing, which can be passed on to its offspring
- colonialB2adjectiveconnected with a time when a country controlled and ruled another country
- spectrumB2nouna full range of different opinions, qualities or things, from one extreme to the other
- nucleusB1nounthe middle part of an atom or a living cell; also the most important part of a group
- onsetC1nounthe beginning of something, usually something unpleasant such as an illness or bad weather
- integrationC2nounthe act of combining things or groups so that they work together as one
- dominantC1adjectivemore important, powerful or noticeable than others
- pathwayB2nouna path, or a series of steps or connections that lead to a result
- coordinateC1verbto organize different people or activities so that they work well together
- calculationB2nounthe act of using numbers to find an answer, or the answer you get
- precedeB2verbto happen or come before something else in time, order or position
- subsetC1nouna smaller group of things that belong to a larger group
- orientationB2nouna program that helps newcomers get to know a school or workplace; also a person's basic leanings or interests
- propositionC2nounan idea, offer or plan that is suggested; also a statement to think about or test
- inequalityB2nouna situation in which some people have more money, power or chances than others
- identicalB2adjectiveexactly the same, or very similar in every way
- prevalenceC1nounthe fact that something is very common or widespread at a particular time or place
- generalizeB2verbto say that something is true in general because it is true in some cases
- beamB2nouna line of light; also a long, strong piece of wood or metal that supports a roof or building
- pulseB2nounthe regular beat of your heart that you can feel at your wrist or neck
- normC1nounwhat is usual or expected; also an accepted rule about how people should behave
- traitB2nouna particular quality in someone's character, or a feature passed down in a family
- correspondenceB2nounletters or emails that people send to each other, especially in work
- essentiallyB2adverbused to say what the most basic or important fact about something is
- syllableB2nouna part of a word that has one vowel sound, like the two parts of 'water'
- chromosomeC1nouna tiny thread-like structure in a cell that carries genes
- infectB2verbto give someone a disease, or to make a wound or computer full of something harmful
- magneticC1adjectiveable to pull iron objects towards it like a magnet; also very attractive to people
- configurationC1nounthe way the parts of a system, device or program are arranged and set up to work together
- numericalB2adjectiveexpressed in numbers or connected with numbers
- namelyB2adverbused to introduce more exact details about something you have just mentioned
- intermediateB1adjectiveat a middle level, between beginner and advanced, or between two stages
- transmissionB2nounthe passing of something, such as a disease, signal or information, from one person or place to another
- doseB2nounthe amount of medicine you should take at one time; also an amount of something you experience
- occurrenceB2nounsomething that happens, or the fact or frequency of something happening
- maternalC1adjectiveconnected with being a mother or with a mother's feelings; also related through your mother
- axisB2nouna line on a graph used to measure something, or a line that something turns around
- rationalB2adjectivebased on clear thinking and reasons, not on feelings
- eliteB2nouna small group of people who have the most power, money or skill in a society or field
- approximationC1nouna number or answer that is close to the correct one but not exact
- thesisB2nouna long piece of writing done for a university degree; also the main idea that a writer argues for
- sinB2nounan act that breaks a religious law or is seen as deeply wrong in moral terms
- classificationB2nounthe act of putting things into groups by type, or the group something belongs to
- thresholdC1nounthe level or point at which something begins to happen or change; also the entrance to a room
- syndromeC1nouna medical condition with a set of signs that appear together; also a typical pattern of behavior
- activateB2verbto make a device, system or account start working
- adolescentB2nouna young person who is no longer a child but not yet an adult
- utteranceC1nounsomething that a person says, especially a short spoken statement
- encodeC1verbto change information into a code or another form, such as for storage or sending
- facilitateB2verbto make an action or process easier or possible
- incidenceC1nounhow often something happens, especially a disease or a crime, among a group of people
- inductionC1nounthe process of introducing a new employee or member to their job or organization
- trajectoryC1nounthe curved path that an object follows through the air or space; also the way something develops
- manuscriptC1nouna book or document written by hand long ago, or a writer's text before it is published
- commonlyB1adverbusually or by many people
- grammaticalB2adjectiveconnected with grammar, or following the rules of grammar
- accuracyB1nounthe quality of being correct or exact, without mistakes
- amplitudeC1nounthe largest size of a wave, such as sound, light or an electric signal, measured from its middle
- adaptationB2nounthe process of changing to suit a new situation, or a version of a work changed for another form
- cortexC1nounthe thin outer layer of the brain that controls thinking, memory and the senses
- minimalB2adjectivevery small in amount or degree, the smallest possible or acceptable
- systematicC1adjectivedone step by step, using a fixed plan or method
- horizontalB2adjectiveflat and level, going from side to side rather than up and down
- synthesisC2nounthe making of a substance by combining simpler ones; a mix of ideas or styles into a whole
- projectionB2nouna guess about a future amount or trend, based on information you have now
- diameterB1nounthe length of a straight line through the middle of a circle, from one side to the other
- coneB2nouna solid shape with a round base and a pointed top, or something with this shape
- dependenceB2nouna state of needing someone or something to survive, succeed or feel normal
- organismB1nouna single living thing, such as a plant, animal or bacterium
- emergenceB2nounthe process of starting to exist or becoming known or important
- overlapB2nounthe part or amount that two things, ideas or periods of time share
- substitutionB2nounthe act of using one person or thing in place of another
- explicitlyC1adverbclearly and directly, so that the meaning is not in doubt
- evidentB1adjectiveeasy to see or understand; clear from the facts
- conceptualC1adjectiverelating to ideas or concepts rather than to real, physical things
- detectionC1nounthe act of noticing or finding something that is hidden or hard to see
- interactB1verbto communicate with, work with or affect each other
- neuralC1adjectiveconnected with nerves or the nervous system, especially the brain
- chronicC1adjectivelasting for a long time or coming back often, especially an illness or problem
- integralC1adjectivenecessary and important as a part of a whole
- enzymeC1nouna substance made by living things that speeds up a chemical change, such as breaking down food
- conceptionB2nouna general idea or understanding of what something is or should be like
- exB1nouna person you used to have a romantic relationship with or used to be married to
- ideologyB2nouna set of beliefs and ideas, especially about politics and society, that a group follows
- quantitativeC1adjectiverelating to amounts or numbers, rather than to qualities or opinions
- sphereB2nouna round solid shape like a ball; also an area of activity, life or influence
- instabilityC1nouna situation that is not steady and may change or fail suddenly
- mediateC2verbto try to help two sides that disagree reach an agreement
- specificationC1nouna detailed description of how something must be made or what it must be able to do
- classifyB1verbto put people or things into groups according to their type or features
- physicianB2nouna medical doctor, especially one who treats illness without surgery
- computationC1nounthe process of using numbers or a computer to find an answer; the answer you get
- oralB2adjectivespoken, not written; also connected with the mouth
- indicatorC1nounsomething that shows what a situation is like or how it is changing
- variantC1nouna form of something that is slightly different from the usual or original form
- evolutionaryC1adjectiverelating to the slow process by which living things change and develop over many generations
- feedbackB2nouncomments about how well or badly someone has done something, given to help them improve
- collectiveC1adjectivedone or shared by all the people in a group together
- arbitraryC1adjectivebased on chance or personal choice rather than on a reason, plan or rule
- fractionC1nouna very small part or amount of something; in math, a number such as ½ or ¾
- estimationC1nounyour opinion or judgment of something; also the process of calculating a rough amount or value
- deviationC1nouna difference from what is normal, expected or agreed
Word list: New Academic Word List 1.2 (Browne, Culligan & Phillips), CC BY-SA 4.0. Only words with a full Gloss page are included, in the list’s order.